Tag: leader

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Acts: Peter, James, Barnabas, and Paul Destroy Barriers

Read: Acts 15:1-35

Acts 15 is a wonderful example of how the early church handled difficult issues. One of the key points for us to learn is their relentless search for unity. We read phrases like, “sharp dispute and debate” and “much discussion” to highlight the struggle. There is no doubt these intense conversations were covered with prayer and fasting to reach a decision. No power plays. No over-zealous leader charismatically controlling the crowd. Unity of spirit. Takes longer, more painful, sleepless nights, etc., but the result is a unified church. Amazing.

The Debate

Some unnamed group began teaching that you have to be circumcised before you can be saved. While this was no doubt steeped in tradition and probably with good intentions, Jesus did not require circumcision. This was a very big deal in those days.

This brought Paul and Barnabas into sharp dispute and debate with them. Acts 15:2

These people came from Judea, the origin of Judaism, to push an agenda on a non-Jewish culture. Paul and Barnabas locked arms and fought against this idea. Most of this chapter unpacks the process they went through.

Paul and Barnabas, along with other believers, took the long trip to Jerusalem to put this issue before the apostles and elders of the church. As they traveled they told stories of Gentiles being converted. This might have been their way of practicing for the debate that was expected. The stories were well received, as we would expect, but there was no guarantee that they would receive a warm welcome in the heart of the Jewish cultural center.

It’s interesting to see that the church was getting seriously organized. Beyond the apostles named by Jesus, there are elders helping to manage affairs of the church. Given the number of people being saved every day, it seems they’re applying principals of Exodus 18 to the early church.

The Council

The apostles and elders welcomed Paul, Barnabas, and the believers who traveled a great distance to bring this debate to light. Let’s begin:

Then some of the believers who belonged to the party of the Pharisees stood up and said, “The Gentiles must be circumcised and required to keep the law of Moses.” Acts 15:5

Peter is the first to address this assertion. He reminded them (perhaps it was news to some) how God called himself to preach to the Gentiles and how they received the Holy Spirit (see: Cornelius and Peter Part 1 and Part 2).

God, who knows the heart, showed that he accepted them by giving the Holy Spirit to them, just as he did to us. Acts 15:8

Further, and significantly:

Now then, why do you try to test God by putting on the necks of Gentiles a yoke that neither we nor our ancestors have been able to bear? No! We believe it is through the grace of our Lord Jesus that we are saved, just as they are. Acts 15:10-11

This is huge! Testing God is not something anyone should attempt. This phrase would have cut the historical Jews to the bone. The reference to the “yoke” here emphasizes what Jesus taught the apostles firsthand (see: Matthew 11:29-30). Peter’s conclusion that we are all saved by grace — and this is sufficient. There are no other requirements.

The council was speechless. To support Peter, Barnabas and Paul provided many examples of God’s work among the Gentiles.

James, the brother of Jesus, takes the stage next.

“Brothers,” he said, “listen to me. Simon has described to us how God first intervened to choose a people for his name from the Gentiles. The words of the prophets are in agreement with this Acts 15:13-15

The fact that James holds a prominent position in Jerusalem is significant. He decides what will be done. I can’t wait to explore James’ conversion, but we’ll have to explore that at another time. For the moment, remember that though he grew up with his brother the Messiah, he was not quick to believe in Jesus!

“It is my judgment, therefore, that we should not make it difficult for the Gentiles who are turning to God. Acts 15:19

James provides a solution that’s amicable to all in attendance. I think it’s important to note that this was not a foregone conclusion. There was not political positioning. They were truly wrestling with a difficult question. God had set apart the Hebrews way back in the days of Abraham. Moses reminded everyone of just how special the Jewish people were to God. They were to be set apart for the world to see. It was difficult to let go of this “selected” status and accept that others were eligible to be chosen.

They agree to adopt three requirements that would reduce the tension between Jew and Gentile (Acts 15:20, 29):

  • abstain from food polluted by idols,
  • from sexual immorality,
  • from the meat of strangled animals and from blood.

The letter included this caveat:

You will do well to avoid these things. Acts 15:29

Letter Delivered

The entire church gathered to hear how the letter sent by the church headquarters (my wording) and the letter was well received back in Antioch.

Paul and Barnabas remained in Antioch, where they and many others taught and preached the word of the Lord. Acts 15:35

Teaching and preaching matters. It’s not the only thing, but it is important to consistently study the word of the Lord and hear what God is saying through those who are anointed to preach His message. It’s a complete meal. Discipleship and evangelism are all wrapped up in relationships completely immersed in love and pointed at God the Father, with the help of the Holy Spirit, and in the name of Jesus. This is how to grow His church.

The Lesson

The Problem was solved without bloodshed, without dividing the church, and on terms that helped spread the gospel even more. The church was strengthened through the debate. This is not a call to be contentious, rather, it’s a call to pray and fast to work out differences. I truly pray we are able to do this in every context: home, church, work, school, etc. The prize is worth the struggle.

 

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Acts: Iconium, Lystra, and Derbe — Paul Stoned

Read: Acts 14

Paul and Barnabas continue their travels through the Gentile world of their day. They had some success, but a lot of resistance in Iconium, so they kept going to Lystra and Derbe where great confusion stirred anger and the people stoned Paul, presumably to death. Surrounded by believers, Paul continues his ministry and they eventually return to Antioch to tell the sending church about all they have learned and experienced.

Iconium

It’s interesting to see that both Jews and Greeks are somehow gathered in the synagogue to hear the message Paul brings (Acts 14:1) and encouraging that many heard and believed. Of course, not everyone appreciates Paul’s sermon. He has not come to preach against anyone, but he is preaching there is only one way to salvation. That doesn’t sit well with everyone. No surprise.

The people of the city were divided; some sided with the Jews, others with the apostles. Acts 14:4

I’m reminded of the passage in Hebrews that assures us that God’s word will divide:

For the word of God is alive and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart. Hebrews 4:12

Lystra and Derbe: Lame Man Healed

As Paul is preaching he notices one particular man is listening intently. This man was lame from birth, he had never walked. Paul discerned that he not only heard the message clearly, but he was moved to accepting Jesus. Looking directly at the man Paul tells him to “Stand up on your feet!” (Acts 14:10). The man is miraculously healed, he begins to walk!

When the crowd saw what Paul had done, they shouted in the Lycaonian language, “The gods have come down to us in human form!” Barnabas they called Zeus, and Paul they called Hermes because he was the chief speaker. Acts 14:11-12

Their rather confusing response led me on a journey to wonder how they would come to this strange conclusion. Why would they associate Paul and Barnabas with Greek gods? The NIVAC provides this insight:

The frenzied response of the Lystrans may be traced to an ancient legend retold by Ovid (43 B.C.– A.D. 17) in his Metamorphosis. Zeus and Hermes once visited the Phrygian hill country disguised as ordinary men. They were turned away from a thousand homes where they sought lodging, but were finally taken in by an elderly couple into their humble home. The gods turned that house into a temple and destroyed all the houses that had rejected them. See NIVAC Reference

You’re welcome to read Metamorphosis here. It’s pretty long and the parts I read are so steeped in mythology that I must admit, I didn’t read it all. I make no claim to any knowledge of Greek Mythology. Ovid was a popular author during that time and given their incredible reaction, his writing must have had a profound effect on these people.

It’s apparent that Paul doesn’t understand the Lycaonian language, but once he and Barnabas see what the people are doing they tear their robes and beg them to listen.

Friends, why are you doing this? We too are only human, like you. We are bringing you good news, telling you to turn from these worthless things to the living God Acts 14:15

It’s a scene of incredible chaos. Confusion leads to revolt fueled by those who disagree with Paul’s message.

Then some Jews came from Antioch and Iconium and won the crowd over. They stoned Paul and dragged him outside the city, thinking he was dead. Acts 14:19

Crowds are easily swayed, they feed on the negative press and swell to heights of irrational behavior quickly. We’ve seen this in the streets of our own country in recent history. Has nothing changed? We are so modern, yet not so different than those we read about here.

Paul was not dead yet! The disciples gathered around him and he got up and returned to the city, not to confront the crowds or continue the debate, rather, he returned to encourage those who believed and help them get organized.

Paul and Barnabas appointed elders for them in each church and, with prayer and fasting, committed them to the Lord, in whom they had put their trust. Acts 14:23

When is the last time you watched someone get stoned, dragged out of the city, then have him walk back in to encourage you? Luke doesn’t dwell on this aspect. He merely reports that Paul got up and when back to work. Crazy!

Missionary Report #1

Paul and Barnabas gathered the church in Antioch and provide their mission report.

they gathered the church together and reported all that God had done through them and how he had opened a door of faith to the Gentiles. Acts 14:27

I can hardly imagine the scene as Paul and Barnabas recount the stories, the ups and downs, success and failure, all as the cause of Christ continues to grow. Have faith my friends. Lives are being changed.

And So…

As my friend Tony Jeck would say, “and so” we should ponder these things, seek to understand what we should do with this story. One thing I don’t want to miss is discerning when to stay and when to leave. The first encounter in Iconium was met with great resistance, so even though they spoke boldly, they chose to leave, to move on.

The next encounter must have caught them a bit off guard because they didn’t leave there in time, Paul was stoned. God was not done with Paul yet, but that is no guarantee for us to lean on. My father, among many great people, wisely counseled me to choose my battles carefully. Know when to stay and fight. Know when to leave.

For those who are actually listening, the gospel message is revolutionary, it is unsettling, it shakes the foundation of humanism, and runs counter to every other religion on the planet. This will create friction. Our responsibility is not to shove it in the face of all we meet, but to deliver the message with firm kindness.

Wisdom and discernment are key. Every church needs an actively engaged leadership team or group of elders supported by an effective prayer team to combat forces that would otherwise have us fail. My prayer is for every church to have these foundational teams supporting the leaders God has appointed so they can succeed in spreading the gospel.

…we can afford to suffer now; we’ll have a long eternity to enjoy ourselves. And our enjoyment will be valid and pure, for it will come in the right way at the right time. A.W. Tozer essay, Joy Will Come In Its Own Time

 

NIVAC Reference: Wilkins, Michael J.; Garland, David E.; Bock, Darrell L.; Burge, Gary M.; Fernando, Ajith. NIVAC Bundle 6: Gospels, Acts (The NIV Application Commentary) (Kindle Locations 83034-83038). Zondervan. Kindle Edition.

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Acts: Excitement in Pisidian Antioch

Read: Acts 13:13-52

Paul takes center stage now. It’s exciting to see how God has transformed his life in a relatively short period of time, but don’t miss the fact that time was invested. Yes, Paul’s transformation is remarkable, but it took some years of dirty sandals, face-to-face conversations, actual hands-on ministry to completely shape his complete understanding of the gospel message we will hear him preach from this point forward. We can’t skip this step!

One of the phrases I’m working hard to erase from my vocabulary is “spending time” on _______. I’m not spending time, you’re not spending time, you are investing time. Check yourself when you say, “I spent yesterday doing…” We need to be incredibly wise stewards of the one resource we all have in common: time.

Off the soapbox, Dave, write the blog!

The events in Antioch of Pisidia are nothing short of amazing. To begin with we see a group gathered in a synagogue on the Sabbath as expected. They read from the scrolls from Moses and the Prophets, then hand the mic to Paul with an open invitation to preach:

if you have a word of exhortation for the people, please speak. Acts 13:15

In verses 17 through 26 Paul summarizes what we call the Old Testament in a mere sixty seconds, highlighting key events that shaped and led John the Baptist to preach repentance and set the stage for Jesus. Those in attendance are now eager to hear what Paul has to say because he demonstrated intimate concern for their background, the difficult road that they had traversed, and the history that shaped who they are as a people.

Fellow children of Abraham and you God-fearing Gentiles, it is to us that this message of salvation has been sent. Acts 13:26

Notice Paul includes the “God-fearing Gentiles” in his sermon. Apparently, this was a multicultural gathering, something that could not have been common at that time. Paul is inclusive in a day and age that was not. Sound familiar?

Paul brought it right back to them, somewhat indirect, but the arrow is pointed directly at their hearts:

The people of Jerusalem and their rulers did not recognize Jesus, yet in condemning him they fulfilled the words of the prophets that are read every Sabbath. Acts 13:27

Right here, in the synagogue, we just read from the Law and the Prophets, but they didn’t recognize that which they were waiting for all these years. They had developed the habit of coming to the synagogue and listening without hearing, seeing with blind eyes.

Nominal Christians. I came across this term quite some time ago while taking a class on Perspectives. It really didn’t profoundly impact me as it should have. This is our wake up call, a time to move from wearing a title of Christian to being Christ-like.

Paul continues to cite psalms and the prophets as he draws the conclusion that we all know so well.

Therefore, my friends, I want you to know that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you. Through him everyone who believes is set free from every sin, a justification you were not able to obtain under the law of Moses. Acts 13:38-39

His words are kind, yet powerful. Direct, yet considerate. We have now heard the gospel, it is time to respond. Paul does not leave them without a warning. Unafraid he gives them one last nudge to respond to the gospel. The result: people are stirred to action. They want to hear more, learn what they’ve missed.

The weekly gathering comes to a close with much anticipation about the following week. People went home, back to work, their lives were changed, but they didn’t sell everything to follow Paul. My belief is this would have been less effective. I think they went home and told their friends, their neighbors, their relatives about what they had learned. They evangelized without knowing they were evangelists.

The Result

Here’s an amazing statement, don’t miss this:

On the next Sabbath almost the whole city gathered to hear the word of the Lord. Acts 13:44

The WHOLE CITY gathered! Seriously! This IS possible even today. With our fingers on keyboards, smartphones, tablets, digital media provides a vehicle that can, in fact, reach an entire city at one time. Crazy!

The religious right begins to make accusations, as expected. Their ivory towers are threatened and they respond as they have been responding since John the Baptist preached repentance.

It’s interesting, even humorous, that the Jewish leaders incite the women (and the men) to stir up persecution.

But the Jewish leaders incited the God-fearing women of high standing and the leading men of the city. They stirred up persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and expelled them from their region. Acts 13:50

In an age where women were considered property, they attempted to use them to discredit the gospel message. The disciples shook the dust off of their sandals in their direction and moved on to continue their mission.

And the disciples were filled with joy and with the Holy Spirit. Acts 13:52

This is such an amazing story, a time of great enthusiasm. There are stories like this being told this month, this year, in this decade. I absolutely believe that when the gospel is preached with this power, lives will be changed.

It takes all kinds of people to fulfill the mission: apostles, prophets, evangelists, shepherds, and teachers — each performing their role with excellence. I pray we will pray for discernment and understanding of how we each play a part in this incredible journey.

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Acts: Saul becomes Paul, but that’s not the most important thing.

Read: Acts 12:25-13:12

The subtle change of Saul’s name to Paul slips into the narrative today, but Luke is careful to avoid making a big deal out of the name change. There’s lots of speculation about the purpose of the new name. I have a few thoughts on this based on what I’ve read. It’s interesting, but what is important is the shift in Acts toward Paul’s missionary travels. We’re about to embark on an extensive journey around the modern world of Paul’s time. My prayer is we would learn something from each stop along the way, that we would gain an appreciation for Paul’s deep desire to make Christ known above everything else, and somehow figure out how we should be doing the same.

…go and make disciples of all nations… Matthew 28:19

Funny thing about names

Names are important. They are personal and most of the time very intentionally picked. In biblical terms, names are descriptive of the person. For example, Simon’s name was changed by Jesus to Peter (John 1:41-43), the rock. Luke gives us a handful of names with qualifications in today’s reading:

  • John also called Mark
  • Simeon called Niger
  • Lucius of Cyrene
  • Manaen (who had been brought up with Herod the tetrarch)
  • Bar-Jesus who was also called Elymas
  • Saul, who was also called Paul

In this passage, we read about Saul changing his preferred name to Paul. Saul is a name that relates to Jews, but Paul relates to Gentiles.

A few years ago I was working with the Monterey Herald to produce videos that recognized efforts by the Salvation Army to help families during Christmas. In one case we were interviewing someone whose son was named Isaiah. Though the reporter and I never spoke about religion, he and his cohort turned to me and said, “you’re a church guy, how do you spell Isaiah?” My intentional desire was to build a relationship with the news crew while looking for bridges to talk about my faith. I’d like to say the ensuing conversation led to his immediate baptism, but that was not the case. My prayer is that it moved him closer. Though I don’t know, I’m pretty sure our interaction, the relationship we developed, didn’t move him farther away from Christ. All because of a question about a name.

The Art of Neighboring teaches us a lot about developing a Christ-centered community in our own backyards — and it all begins with names. Taking time to know someone’s name is important. Your barista has a name. The waiter has a name. Take time to learn names of people you see and you will begin to build a relationship that can change their lives for eternity.

That’s a lot of talk about names, now it’s time to focus on the text!

Barnabas and Saul Sent by the Spirit

My hero Barnabas is listed first in the text through Acts 13:7, but from there through the rest of Acts (I’m pretty sure), Paul is listed first. Subtle. No complaints, no hedging for the front of the line, just a subtle shift in leadership for the sake of Jesus and the vast population of Gentiles.

The prophets and teachers in Antioch hear from the Lord and gather to send their leaders away.

While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, “Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.” So after they had fasted and prayed, they placed their hands on them and sent them off. Acts 13:2-3

Take note of the fact they were worshiping, fasting, and praying. They were listening intently for the direction of the Spirit. In a beautiful moment, they laid their hands on Barnabas and Saul and said goodbye. This could not have been easy or simple. These two men poured themselves into the growing church in Antioch and now they must send them out for the greater good. I know you can’t read the pause, but I’m simply sitting here viewing the scene, fighting tears as I stand on the verge of my own transition. Parting is difficult, even for the best of reasons.

Paul Confronts Elymas

They set off for Selecuia to Cyprus and arrived at Salamis where we read that the Apostle John is there serving as well.

It’s interesting that they are preaching in the Jewish synagogues. When they got to Paphos, they met Bar-Jesus (Elymas). The story focuses on this interaction for two main reasons: an intelligent proconsul sought the wisdom of Paul and Barnabas and the sorcerer who was not happy with their appearance.

I love how Luke emphasizes that the proconsul was an intelligent man that wanted to hear the word of God. Intelligence is a gift we refer to in our Spiritual Gifts assessment as knowledge. It can lead to arrogance, but for those who put Christ first, I pray they recognize this gift of knowledge can have a profoundly positive impact on the local church. If that’s you, please share your gift!

Elymas is not so gifted. His personal desire for fame is fueled by Satan.

[Paul], filled with the Holy Spirit, looked straight at Elymas and said, “You are a child of the devil and an enemy of everything that is right! … Will you never stop perverting the right ways of the Lord? Acts 13:9-10

Paul doesn’t wait for an answer. He tells Elymas that he will be blind for a time, in essence, he’s been given a second chance. The proconsul is moved to submission by this incredible act of the Spirit and I believe by the love expressed by Paul through confrontation and discipline. That’s a whole story by itself!

When the proconsul saw what had happened, he believed, for he was amazed at the teaching about the Lord. Acts 13:12

The Spirit

The discussion in this narrative focuses on the third person of the Trinity, the Holy Spirit. My prayer is that you and I will embrace Him wholly, that we would seek His input on all our decisions, not just checking the box or filling the square, but earnestly seeking to know His voice and follow His direction. I pray we will embrace the notion of worship, prayer, and fasting; of seeking His direction and sending people out at the right time. All for the benefit of adding more to the kingdom of God.

 

Map source: http://www.biblestudy.org/maps/apostle-paul-first-missionary-journey-large-map.html

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Acts: Antioch Disciples — Christians

Read: Acts 11:19-30

Luke takes us back to the stoning of Stephen where the disciples were scattered to continue the story of the gospel spreading far and wide. First, the Jews heard the good news, then the Greeks. When Barnabas was called to Antioch, he saw something special in this group and reached out to Saul. This was truly significant. The result was continued growth and the spread of the gospel and the disciples coined the term Christians.

One thing to look for as we continue reading through Acts is how the leaders of the early church leaned on each other’s gifting and roles without any selfish desire to be set on stage or highlighted one above another. We’ll read details about this in the coming books, but the evidence of how they acted in unity is seen throughout this passage in particular. There’s a lot going on behind the scenes, but we’ll continue to hit the highlights as we see how an effective church operated back in the first century.

Spreading The Gospel

The disciples were on the run. They traveled far from Jerusalem but kept on preaching the gospel wherever they wend. At first, it was just to the Jewish community, but some took the risk of sharing with those outside their comfort zone.

Some of them, however, men from Cyprus and Cyrene, went to Antioch and began to speak to Greeks also, telling them the good news about the Lord Jesus. The Lord’s hand was with them, and a great number of people believed and turned to the Lord. Acts 11:20-21

The unnamed few evangelized the Gentile world. The historical note at the bottom serves to give us some context. Antioch was a huge city. Far from God, it’s likely that they worshipped all kinds of deities if they worshipped at all. We need to appreciate the world in which they lived to bolster our own desire to make disciples, spreading the gospel, with people we see daily.

I’m convinced there are those amongst us who are living faithfully, doing just that, in our cities today–we just don’t read about them in Christianity Today because they’re focused on answering Christ’s call rather than making headlines.

Barnabas Called

We lose track of time and probably don’t appreciate the distance involved, but Luke tells us that the news of their success reaches back to Jerusalem.

News of this reached the church in Jerusalem, and they sent Barnabas to Antioch. Acts 11:22

I love this idea. The young disciples are dispersed, scattered to places they are unfamiliar with so what do they do? They reach back and ask for support from one who has proven himself already. Barnabas didn’t come in blazing on a stallion to save the day, he entered the scene as an encourager, leading from within, building up the believers.

Long ago, Moses needed Aaron’s oratory gift to do God’s work with a huge, probably unruly crowd. Barnabas is called to help the young disciples (in terms of faith, not necessarily age). He gets the ball rolling, then he calls Saul for support.

Barnabas Reaches Out To Saul

As I’ve alluded to before, this is not an egocentric, personality-driven movement. This is all about spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ. Barnabas knew that Saul was an amazing preacher and Antioch needed that skillset at this time.

Sidenote: It’s ironic that those early disciples were actually running from Saul and his band of Christ-following killers. Now Saul comes to teach them what it means to follow Christ. You have to appreciate the irony.

So for a whole year Barnabas and Saul met with the church and taught great numbers of people. The disciples were called Christians first at Antioch. Acts 11:26

The dynamic duo, Saul-Barnabas, worked together to cement the foundation of the church in Antioch. I’m sure Saul used many of the lessons learned here as he continued his missionary journey throughout the area.

Agabus Prophesied

Luke helps us understand the timing of these events by referring to a famine that historians mentioned in that area and at that time. Of course, he does this by demonstrating another role within the church, a prophet named Agabus.

Agabus stood up and through the Spirit predicted that a severe famine would spread over the entire Roman world. Acts 11:28

There are many ways for prophecy to support the local church. In this case, it was very specific and targeted at preserving the growth of the early church. Recognizing this major problem, people pitched in to help.

The disciples, as each one was able, decided to provide help for the brothers and sisters living in Judea. This they did, sending their gift to the elders by Barnabas and Saul. Acts 11:29-30

“As each one was able.” I hope we don’t miss this important phrase. It’s important not to project our relative wealth or capability on someone else. This was a picture of a church which was devoted to each other and on a mission for a single-minded cause: to spread the news about Jesus.

Lord, I hope and pray we can see this kind of unity in Your church today. May we be like the Christians of Antioch. I trust we can with Your help and blessing.

 

Historical Note from the NIVAC:
With an estimated population of about 300,000 Antioch in Syria was the third largest city in the Roman empire, surpassed in population only by Rome and Alexandria. It was also the seat of administration of the Roman province of Syria. A large Jewish population lived there, estimates of which range from 22,000 to 65,000.
Wilkins, Michael J.; Garland, David E.; Bock, Darrell L.; Burge, Gary M.; Fernando, Ajith. NIVAC Bundle 6: Gospels, Acts (The NIV Application Commentary) (Kindle Locations 81964-81968). Zondervan. Kindle Edition.

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Acts: Saul Baffles Jews, Death Threats, Church Grows

Read: Acts 9:19b-31

So much is happening in these few verses, it’s like watching an action movie that just keeps speeding up. Here’s a brief synopsis: Saul is welcomed into the disciples in Damascus, preaching in the synagogues that Jesus is the Son of God. Amazing! This baffles the Jews as they, once again, begin to conspire to kill one they are threatened by. The disciples in Jerusalem were afraid to open their doors, but Barnabas intercedes. Though the death threats continue, the early disciples make some wise choices and the church continues to grow.

Damascus

Saul’s conversion took place in Damascus. Since Ananias was a disciple there who was sent to restore Saul’s sight, it seems reasonable to assume his adoption into the fellowship there was well received. There’s no discussion of the Jewish entourage that was no doubt with Saul, but it seems they have either left the scene or perhaps they were Saul’s first converts. I’m not trying to speculate, just wondering how they must have felt going into Damascus with a search and seizure mission that gets completely turned around.

As for the Jews in Damascus, they are livid!

“Isn’t he the man who raised havoc in Jerusalem among those who call on this name? And hasn’t he come here to take them as prisoners to the chief priests?” Acts 9:21

These aren’t simple questions, they are intent on tracking Saul down to stone him, just as they did to Stephen.

Saul quickly earned the trust and confidence of the disciples and they protected him as the death threats intensified. At one point, they actually had to help him escape.

But his followers took him by night and lowered him in a basket through an opening in the wall. Acts 9:25

Jerusalem

Leaving Damascus, Saul headed to Jerusalem, but the disciples are not so easily convinced this is a great idea.

When he came to Jerusalem, he tried to join the disciples, but they were all afraid of him, not believing that he really was a disciple. But Barnabas took him and brought him to the apostles. Acts 9:26-27

Barnabas, my hero, was somehow able to convince the disciples to receive Saul. This must have been some tense negotiations. In my imagination, I can see Peter’s jaw set, his eyes fixed, memories flooding back in of Stephen’s death and Jesus’ words:

Again Jesus said, “Simon son of John, do you love me?” He answered, “Yes, Lord, you know that I love you.” Jesus said, “Take care of my sheep.” John 21:16

I don’t think I’m making this overdramatic. These were difficult times for the disciples as the church was growing rapidly in the middle of the Jewish capital. To accept Saul, the Jewish leader that was capturing Christians, was not a simple thing to do. Luke doesn’t give us a lot of words from Barnabas, but they were obviously well received.

So Saul stayed with them and moved about freely in Jerusalem, speaking boldly in the name of the Lord. Acts 9:28

Wise Decisions

It didn’t take much time to figure out that Saul was not going to have an effective ministry in Jerusalem. This is quite amazing as well. The disciples were not schooled in organizational behavior or corporate development but demonstrated incredible wisdom. More death threats were launched against Saul which impacted the security of the entire church in Jerusalem. Something had to be done!

When the believers learned of this, they took him down to Caesarea and sent him off to Tarsus. Acts 9:30

They sent Saul home, to his birthplace.

Church Growth

From Damascus to Jerusalem to Tarsus, the early church is starting to spread its wings with an unlikely band of believers. The wisdom of the early disciples must be attributed to their complete dedication to the Holy Spirit, praying for guidance, and listening to His voice with great discernment.

Then the church throughout Judea, Galilee and Samaria enjoyed a time of peace and was strengthened. Living in the fear of the Lord and encouraged by the Holy Spirit, it increased in numbers. Acts 9:31

There are many lessons wrapped up in this section of scripture, but the most important one for this day is found by understanding that the disciples were obedient to their calling. They were cautious, but not confining. They showed incredible courage but were not careless.

We are called to go and make disciples of the planet. May we learn from these moments as we go out into our modern world with ancient ideas that are still relevant toady.

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Acts: The Samaritan Pentecost

Read: Acts 8:5-25

Stephen’s death at the hands of the Sanhedrin caused many to flee from Jerusalem. This scattering of disciples served to spread the gospel to distant places, as well as some that were not so distant. Before Saul’s conversion, we are invited to read an account of Philip’s successful ministry in the evil place called Samaria. This area is discussed throughout the gospel narrative as a place of all kinds of religions and beliefs. They were despised by the Jewish people, yet Jesus ventured there without hesitation.

Samaritan Evangelism

Philip was moved to preach and perform miracles in Samaria. We don’t read a lot about his ministry, except to see it must have been pretty amazing.

When the crowds heard Philip and saw the signs he performed, they all paid close attention to what he said. Acts 8:6

Luke reports there is great joy in Samaria as a result of Philip’s work.

The focus shifts to Simon the Sorcerer, a man who was admired by many for his amazing works. The mention of sorcery alongside the miracles of Philip provides a sharp contrast for us to consider. I’m convinced there are many battles fought in spiritual realms, but I have little understanding of how, when, where, or who conjures up such warfare. The prevalence of casting out spirits in the New Testament leaves little doubt that their presence exists. It’s just not something we see in our everyday walk or ministry. Maybe this is an indication of a problem?

How all that works out is a mystery to me. What we do read is that Simon, and others, respond to Philip’s altar call and accept Jesus.

Simon himself believed and was baptized. And he followed Philip everywhere, astonished by the great signs and miracles he saw. Acts 8:13

Samaritan Pentecost

The news of the gospel spreading in Samaria reached the apostles, so they sent Peter and John went to see. The words don’t indicate they were sent to validate Philip’s ministry, but their actions are interesting, to say the least.

When they arrived, they prayed for the new believers there that they might receive the Holy Spirit, because the Holy Spirit had not yet come on any of them; they had simply been baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. Then Peter and John placed their hands on them, and they received the Holy Spirit. Acts 8:15-17

How is it that the Holy Spirit had not come on any of them? Philip preached, they believed and were baptized, but in this case, it wasn’t complete until the apostles showed up. In looking at commentaries and other wild opinions about what was happening here, I’ve come to the conclusion that Peter and John’s mission was all about uniting the Samaritans with the rest of the Christ followers. Their appearance, laying on of hands, the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, was the key affirmation our forefathers needed to see for the benefit of spreading the gospel, even to the dreaded Samaritans.

The Sorcerer — Again

In light of this amazing act, Simon the Sorcerer is highlighted again. Perhaps he wants to get some of this action to add to his magic show. His business sense takes control and he offers to pay the apostles to learn this new magic.

When Simon saw that the Spirit was given at the laying on of the apostles’ hands, he offered them money and said, “Give me also this ability so that everyone on whom I lay my hands may receive the Holy Spirit.” Acts 8:18-19

It’s interesting that though Simon had accepted the gospel (Acts 8:13), he wasn’t one that Peter and John laid hands on.

Peter sees straight through his act and knows his heart has not changed. Instead of a blessing, Peter rebukes him strongly:

Repent of this wickedness and pray to the Lord in the hope that he may forgive you for having such a thought in your heart. Acts 8:22

This is a good example of how to handle someone who is not properly motivated to help the local body of Christ. The rebuke is strong, but there is an opportunity to improve. Pray for forgiveness.

Simon’s response shows that he has truly not changed at all. His only concern is that nothing bad would happen to him. He could have asked for forgiveness. He could have asked that they pray for his sinful heart, but this is not the case.

The Gospel Spreads

Enough about Simon, the good news is that there is Great News! The Samaritans are welcomed into the family, those who truly repent and believe, and the word about Jesus continues to infiltrate men and women beyond the sacred walls of Jerusalem.

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Acts: Stephen Martyred, Disciples Scatter

Read: Acts 8:1-4

Just a few verses in this passage set the stage for a major shift in the book of Acts. The Sanhedrin opened Pandora’s Box when they stoned Stephen. They released the anger and tension pent up at the Christ-followers in Jerusalem. Like a wild animal that gets a whiff of fresh blood, this event ignited a movement against those who proclaim Jesus as the Messiah. It’s now open-season and an opportunity to go door-to-door to effect persecution.

Commentators point out that the Sanhedrin “had no choice” but to stone Stephen for blasphemy. Citing Levitucus 24:10-23, they must take him out and kill him for this great sin. The image of these learned men covering their ears, shouting at the top of the lungs to block out the words of the blasphemer, and dragging him out to a place to be stoned to death is incredibly sad.

Have we learned so much that we could behave in this manner? Sure, we don’t pick up stones and kill another for offensive words, but do we effectively reject those whose opinions differ from ours? Do we kill the relationship and terminate those we don’t understand? In the same context as the Levitical law for stoning we read:

The Lord is slow to anger, abounding in love and forgiving sin and rebellion Numbers 14:18

And yet we see anger, no chance for forgiveness, no love. Lord, help us when anger boils from within. Don’t take away strong emotions, but don’t let us be consumed by feelings that betray You in the process.

Unintended Consequences

The last thing the Sanhedrin wanted was to propel the Gospel beyond the walls of Jerusalem, but that’s exactly what happened as a result of their actions. As they tighten their grip, the people scatter.

But Saul began to destroy the church. Going from house to house, he dragged off both men and women and put them in prison. Acts 8:3

In typical fashion, Luke includes women in his narrative, men and women are persecuted. In addition, Saul gets more attention as Luke builds his case for the next chapter.

Have no doubt, this is an ugly episode in the life of the early church. Those who responded to the Gospel felt the radical change within their hearts and now their very lives are threatened. Many flee the scene.

Those who had been scattered preached the word wherever they went. Acts 8:4

They’re not cowards running from persecution, they’re messengers released to preach throughout the region.

Tough Choices

Stay or go? When times are really difficult we all have to make a choice to stay and fight or move away from that which oppresses us. It’s never easy and rarely clear which choice is best, certainly not at the time of hardship. It’s only in hindsight that we look back and appreciate the trial and decision.

In this case, Christianity grows rapidly by those who run and for those who stay and are persecuted. Both were required. If Saul and his band would have simply scattered the people, it would have looked bad, but people could have held onto their Levitical stronghold. By putting those in prison for preaching the Gospel, they actually accelerated the impact of the message. All God’s design.

Lord have Your way in everything we do and say. When we run, go with us. When we stay, comfort us. When we stumble, pick us up. In all things, have Your way. Teach us how to do the same for our brothers and sisters. May we never struggle alone, isolated, insulated, or abandoned. Give us eyes to see those who are in these very same battles and words to move them from fear to acceptance. All for Your glory.

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Acts: The Stoning of Stephen

Read: Acts 6:8-8:1

The Stoning of Stephen was a tragic event for the early Christian church movement. Stephen was one of the finest examples of a strong Christ follower. Luke includes a list of attributes to set the scene: full of God’s grace and power, face like that of an angel, one they could not argue with because of the power of the Holy Spirit. Falsely accused, Stephen is brought before the Sanhedrin to be tried, drug into the streets, and stoned under the supervision of Saul of Tarsus.

Opposition arose, however, from members of the Synagogue of the Freedmen…For we have heard him say that this Jesus of Nazareth will destroy this place and change the customs Moses handed down to us. Acts 6:9, 14

When I’ve read this passage in the past, I thought the main point of Stephen’s review of Israel’s history was to demonstrate his knowledge and defend his character as one who knew the customs and the Patriarchs. But this time, thanks to some insight from the NIVAC, I’m seeing something different.
The accusations against Stephen relate to the Temple, it’s location and prominence, and for the ritualistic rules created by man in support of the Law. He further explains how Israel has a deep history of rejecting God’s prophets, even killing those who served the Lord. Stephen’s speech addressed these issues by pointing out irrefutable facts about Abraham and Moses.

Location

Of the many arguments, the tight grip on the Holy location of the Temple was akin to idolatry. Stephen includes a reference to the Golden Calf and dispenses with the notion that there is one Holy location.

  • God spoke to Abraham in a land far from Jerusalem. Acts 7:2
  • The burning bush was called Holy Ground, not anywhere near the Temple. Acts 7:30-33

Rejection

The Bible is full of stories that demonstrate how God’s chosen were rejected. Stephen knows his time is short, so I believe he attempted to speak to as many people as possible before they shut him up for good.

  • Jealous brothers rejected Joseph and sold him into slavery. Acts 7:9
  • Moses, once rejected by the people, was sent to lead them. Acts 7:35-36
  • Our ancestors refused to obey him and they made an idol from gold. Acts 7:39-41

On this basis, Stephen draws his convicting, concluding arguments:

“You stiff-necked people! Your hearts and ears are still uncircumcised. You are just like your ancestors: You always resist the Holy Spirit! Acts 7:51

It’s true that Stephen demonstrated his thorough knowledge of scripture. Perhaps this is why it was too painful for the Sanhedrin to hear.

They even killed those who predicted the coming of the Righteous One. And now you have betrayed and murdered him—-you who have received the law that was given through angels but have not obeyed it. Acts 7:52-53

Completely unafraid, Stephen points out that these religious elite are guilty of rejecting the One who was sent to save them all…just like it was foretold.

Stephen, full of the Holy Spirit, looked up to heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God. “Look,” he said, “I see heaven open and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God. Acts 7:55-56

This was the final straw, too much for them to handle.

yelling at the top of their voices, they all rushed at him, dragged him out of the city and began to stone him. Meanwhile, the witnesses laid their coats at the feet of a young man named Saul. While they were stoning him, Stephen prayed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” Acts 7:57-59

We are introduced to Saul at the very end, but that’s for another day. The end of this story is simply that Saul approved (Acts 8:1).

Let there be no doubt: Christianity is different than Judaism. This is something very different. The foundation is laid by our ancestors, but the stories we read in Acts let us know without a doubt that following Jesus is not only different but might even cost your earthly life.

Important Consideration

It is important to appreciate that Stephen was not looking for a fight. He did not go about speaking badly about Jews or even the Sanhedrin. He was, in fact, speaking good about Jesus. It was the Sanhedrin that concluded he was denouncing their faith, their heritage, and their God. They were wrong. That wasn’t the basis for Stephen’s daily ministry.

My point here is that we should preach Jesus, that we should spread the Gospel. Our energy should be focused on that which builds the body of believers while letting God, through His infinite wisdom, deal with those whose hearts are hardened, whose ears and eyes no longer work. Our job is not to tear down, our job is to build up. Without fear.

Remember the Great Commission: 

Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age. Matthew 28:19-20

Nowhere in those words do we read anything about destroying others. Go. Make disciples.

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Acts: Growing Church Requires Better Structure

Read: Acts 6:1-7

The greatest problem for any church planter is dealing with amazing church growth. Luke provides one case where members are being added to the community at a pace that has outgrown the current organizational structure. The solution: create deacons.

On the surface, it seems like we’re being transported back to Moses’ day where people are whining, but this is much different.

the Hellenistic Jews among them complained against the Hebraic Jews because their widows were being overlooked in the daily distribution of food. Acts 6:1

One of the first significant requirements in leadership is the ability to receive complaints from those you’re leading. Filtering out the wheat from the chaff takes work and requires great discernment. Here, the apostles make an incredibly wise decision.

First, they hear there is a real problem that needs to be dealt with. One of the great strengths of Jewish culture is how they essentially adopt widows and orphans. This means they have a responsibility to tend to those who can’t otherwise take care of themselves. The problem lies in the sheer number of people who are suddenly under their leadership and require care.

The challenge in how to deal with the problem is significant.

It would not be right for us to neglect the ministry of the word of God in order to wait on tables Acts 6:2

No argument here. The Twelve can’t stop preaching in order to distribute food, but this is not the beginning of any elitism or class system. This is simply a practical consideration within the body of Christ where the gifts of the Spirit are properly applied. The primary mission of the Twelve is to preach and teach. What they need is a group that is gifted to minister to the daily needs of food distribution.

Second, they demonstrate great leadership by validating the issue and giving the larger group a task with sufficient details to enable them to be successful.

Brothers and sisters, choose seven men from among you who are known to be full of the Spirit and wisdom. Acts 6:3

The Twelve will validate and ordain the Seven, but the people will choose who they believe is best for the ministry positions.

Interestingly, the Seven chosen are all Hellenistic Jews (based on their names and according to the commentaries, not something I dreamed up). The group that levied the complaint is the group that gets to do the work! What’s that old saying about raising your hand?

Results

Luke is careful to point out this success for us to consider.

So the word of God spread. The number of disciples in Jerusalem increased rapidly, and a large number of priests became obedient to the faith. Acts 6:7

One of the key things we do in Healthy Growing Churches deals with assessments. These tools help churches move through Life Cycles that are inherent in any organization. They are just tools. But just as the architect appreciates the hammer in the hands of his builder, the proper use of tools is required to effectively build the local church. We believe a healthy, vibrant church is the most important work we do, outside of leading someone into a personal commitment to Christ.

People working within their gifts and talents produces the best results for the local body of Christ. The Twelve carefully considered the issue at hand, successfully managed the process with the help of the believers and solved the problem.

And the church grew.

Father, may we be known as a people that made wise decisions for Your church in this city. Holy Spirit, teach us what we should do each day when complaints reveal issues that need to be dealt with. Jesus, may the world know this is all about You!

 

Note: Stephen Ministers

One of my favorite groups of people that support the body of Christ is Stephen Ministers. Those who are gifted with mercy, help & service, hospitality, and the like, are great candidates for this ministry. The practical training and ideas presented are meant to be universally accepted in any Christian context. In other words, it’s not for a particular denomination. Anyone can be a Stephen Minister. Check out their site for more information (link).

 

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